Rehabilitation on Meadowridge Common

Problems of conservation on the Common include:

1. Its small size accommodates a limited number of plants of some species, some numbers so low that extinction is a real possibility.
A remedy is to augment the number by propagating dicotyledons.
Using our plants we have propagated the following species:
Hermannia multiflora, Pelargonium cucullatum, Lampranthus reptans, Ruschia geminiflora, Lampranthus stenus, Salvia chamelaeagnea, Leucadendron salignum and Struthiola dodecandra.
We are grateful to Trevor Adams of Kirstenbosch and Maya Beukes for their help.
Photo above: The wetland in a wet winter by Fiona Watson.

2. When the Alphen retention ponds were dug to prevent flooding of the Diep River, the soil was dumped on the Common.
Maya Beukes provided a solution. In 2006 and 2008 she organized front end loaders to remove this soil and grass. The adjoining Meadowridge Football Club used this for their new fields and to construct a berm. The soil left behind was again at its original level. Seeds dormant and covered for 30 years germinated, covering the ground with Lobelia erinus, Monopsis debilis and Psoralea pinnata.
Maya also planted the species listed under number 1 in this area in different places and at different levels in order to establish their best niches for hot summers and winter flooding.
Other species previously found on the Common have been re-introduced using material growing locally to ensure that their DNA records are not compromised. Serruria glomerata (above) is doing well in the enclosed area. Athanasia dentata has found its niche in the far side of the lower non-enclosed area. It did not survive nearer the path.
F.J. Watson

Flowering on the Common in September

Hermannia multiflora

What you may see on a spring walk on Meadowridge Common this September.

Zantedeschia aethiopica Arum Lily – ARACEAE or Arum family.

Asparagus rubicundus Wag ’n bietjie – ASPARAGACEAE or Asparagus family.

Trachyandra ciliata Cape Spinach or Veldkool
Trachyandra revoluta – ASPHODELACEAE or Aloe family.

Colchium eucomoides which used to be Androcymbium eucomoides Men-in-a-boat
Baeometra uniflora Beetle Lily
Wurmbea monopetala – COLCHICACEAE or Colchicum family.

Wachendorfia paniculata Rooikanol – HAEMODORACEAE or Bloodroot family.

Albuca juncifolia (also known as Ornithogalum imbricatum) Cup and Saucer – HYACINTHACEAE or Hyacinth family.

Spiloxene capensis Peacock Flower – HYPOXIDACEAE or Star Lily family.

Geissorhiza aspera Blue Satinflower or Sysie
Geissorhiza imbricata
Moraea flaccida Groottulp (with long, trailing leaf)
Moraea collina Geeltulp
Moraea tripetala Blou-uintjie
Romulea flava White Romulea orWitknikkertjie
Romulea hirsuta Frutang
Romulea obscura
Romulea rosea Rooiknikkertjie or Common Romulea
Sparaxis bulbifera Fluweeltjie – IRIDACEAE or Iris family.

Triglochin bulbosa – JUNCAGINACEAE or

Satyrium odorum ORCHIDACEAE or Orchid family

Restio quinquefarius
Thamnochortus fruticosus RESTIONACEAE or Restio family

Carpobrotus edulus
Lampranthus glaucus
Lampranthus reptans
Lampranthus stenus
Tetragonia fructicosa – AIZOACEAE or Ice-plant family

Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed
Chrysanthemoides monilifera
Senecio littoreus
Cotula turbinata
Tripteris clandestina
Ursinia anthemoides
Dimorphotheca pluvialis ASTERACEAE – Daisy family

Heliophila africana BRASSICACEAE – Mustard family

Psoralea pinnata FABACEAE – Pea family

Geranium incanum
Pelargonium capitatum
Pelargonium myrrhifolium
Pelargonium triste GERANIACEAE – Geranium family

Hermannia multiflora MALVACEAE – Hibiscus family

Oxalis obtusa
Oxalis pes-caprae
Oxalis versicolor OXALIDACEAE – Oxalis family

Nylandtia spinosa – POLYGALACEAE – Polygala family

Diastella proteoides
Leucadendron salignum
Protea repens
Serruria glomerata PROTEACEAE – Protea family

Passerina corymbosa
Struthiola ciliata
Struthiola dodecandra THYMELACEAE – Daphne family

List compiled by Fiona Watson, Botanical Officer, Friends of Meadowridge Common.

Garden plants that grow naturally on sandy flats

To download a list of indigenous plants that grow naturally on sandy flats, drawn up by Alice Notten - click here.
See the following post for a summary of Alice's informative talk.

Waterwise indigenous gardening on the sandy flats

Alice Notten, Chief Interpretive Officer at Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, gave an entertaining and informative talk on Waterwise indigenous gardening on the sandy flats. The talk was hosted by the Friends of Meadowridge Common, and took place in the Meadowridge Library - one of several interesting talks hosted by the Friends over the years. Alice Notten is a botanist and horticulturist who has worked at Kirstenbosch for many years, and is known by many for her interesting articles on gardening with indigenous plants on the website PlantZafrica as well as those in Veld & Flora. This is a summary of her talk, with links to the PlantZafrica site, where you can obtain more information on gardening with specific plant mentioned.
When Alice bought a house in Plumstead, she was a bit shocked at the windy, sandy conditions she faced as she had only had experience gardening in the rich, loamy soils of Johannesburg, and then the rich loamy soils of Kirstenbosch where she had lived up to this point. Anyone who has gardened in this area knows the type of soil that she was confronted with: sandy, oily soil that repels water. Alice started off by planting a windbreak around the perimeter, finding Searsia (Rhus) pendulina to be the most successful fast-growing, bushy hedge,
as well as the pioneer Keruboom (Virgilia divaricata and V. oroboides). This is an excellent pioneer tree that will act as a "nursery species" by providing protection for slower growing, more sensitive plants that you can plant around it. Being a pioneer species, the Keurboom will die in about ten to fifteen years by which time the slower growing species will be well established.
Another good hedge plant is Tecoma capensis. It is hardy and colourful and fast growing.

A summer stroll

Take a stroll on the Common and although it looks hot and dry, you will be amazed at what you find. One of the storyboards has a display of the flowers you might come across ... Erica subdivaricata is just starting to flower ... and the Sour Fig (Carpobrotus edulis) flowers are opening too.

This beautiful little aristea, Aristea dichotoma, was flowering resolutely in the hot sun. It was identified by Fiona Watson and she observes that it seems to prefer to grow where it gets some shade. The leaves are tough, narrow and point vertically upwards to avoid direct sunlight. In this photo you can see the three-winged fruit.

The Common Sugarbush (Protea repens) was flowering too, and was covered in honeybees. Strictly speaking, this particular bush was planted here, but it might well have occurred here naturally in days gone by. Come along to the AGM on Monday 28 February, to find out more about the flowers of Meadowridge Common and the fascination of bees. These butterfly flowers are definitely not indignous. They are Gaura lindheimeri and hail from Texas and Louisiana.

You will notice lots of snails in the low shrubs on the Common. These are introduced snails - snailiens - that have become a bit of a pest in the Cape. More about them here.

Snailiens on the Common

Theba pisana
Common names: White Garden Snail - Sandhill Snail - Vine Snail - Dune Snail - White Italian Snail - Duineslak

Theba pisana was introduced by humans to South Africa sometime before 1881. It comes from the Mediterranean area – hence its name "White Italian Snail" - and has also spread to Australia, California and western Europe, as well as parts so South America and Bermuda, the Azores and Madeira. This snail lives mostly in the winter- and all-year-round-rainfall regions of the western and southern Cape from the Orange River mouth to East London. It seems to prefer to live near the coast, and is found in gardens, on road verges, in pastures, grainlands and vineyards, as well as in pristine coastal fynbos.

Is it a pest?
Yes – it is an agricultural and garden pest in the Cape where its population densities can be extremely high, but not enough is known about it to say exactly how pestiferous it is.

Life cycle
The snails in the photos above are aestivating (sitting out the summer) on Meadowridge Common. They are well adapted to survive the hot dry summer as they can drop their body temperature to well below 44 °C during the hottest time of the day. The reason you see them in bushes is because the temperature on the ground in summer is frequently higher than the snail’s body temperature, so they climb upward and aestivate above the ground where temperatures are lower.
The breeding season starts in late summer and autumn when mating occurs when their aestivation is broken after the onset of the first heavy rains of the season.
Egg-laying extends until late winter and spring. The bulk of the snails die after laying eggs, although not always – some have been known to live for 4 years.
The eggs hatch in later winter and spring.

What does that mean?
Aestivate Spend the summer in a state of torpor, a “summer sleep” rather like hibernating during the heat of summer.

Most of the information here comes from the book by Dai Herbert, The introduced terrestrial Mollusca of South Africa. It is available from SANBI and the Kirstenbosch Bookshop.